Thomas Alexander Murphree (December 1, 1883 – September 5, 1945) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Blount County, Alabama, Murphree received a B.S. from the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa in 1910 and an LL.B. from the University of Alabama School of Law in 1911. He was in private practice in Birmingham, Alabama from 1911 to 1938.
On May 12, 1938, Murphree was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama created by 52 Stat. 120. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 17, 1938, and received his commission on May 31, 1938. Murphree served in that capacity until his death, in 1945.